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The 22 Pacific Island countries and territories face many challenges in building the three main
pillars of food security: availability, access and appropriate use of nutritious food. These challenges
arise because many Pacific Island countries and territories are undergoing rapid population growth
and urbanization; communities cannot engage in broad-acre agriculture and livestock grazing
due to shortages of arable land; opportunities to earn income are limited; and cheap, low-quality
food imports are readily available due to burgeoning global trade. As a result, many Pacific Island
countries and territories are now highly dependent on imported food, and the incidence of noncommunicable
diseases is among the highest in the world — 9 of the 10 countries with the highest
rates of overweight and obesity and 7 of the 10 countries with the highest rates of diabetes are
Pacific Island nations.