Nouvelles

The human body can predict. You can look to the sky and know it will rain. Now we’ve learned about climate histories of Kanyinya, and we can mix this with our own knowledge.”

Monique Mukabahizi, Farmer Promoter, Nyarugenge District

For thousands of years, traditional ecological knowledge alone was enough to read the winds, know the temperament of the rains, when to expect hot spells, when to plant and when to harvest. A surge of unpredictable heavy rains, prolonged dry periods and extreme weather events, heralded by a changing climate, have complicated the reliability of traditional knowledge systems alone to shape promising seasons for farmers' livelihoods. To complement these ancestral ecological ways of knowing, Participatory Integrated Climate Services for Agriculture (PICSA), developed by the University of Reading, facilitates informed decision-making by farmers by providing timely and location-specific climate information pertinent to agricultural livelihoods.

This integrative approach is being applied as part of the Rwanda Climate Services for Agriculture (RCSA) project, combining historical and forecasted climate trends, analysis of options and risks for different livelihood choices, and participatory seasonal planning tools for farmers. The RCSA project is coordinated by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and supported by the US Agency for International Development (USAID).

Making climate information a fluent part of farmers’ vocabulary

In February 2019, Meteo Rwanda, the Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB), the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and CCAFS gathered in Nyarugenge, Kicukiro and Gasabo districts of Rwanda’s capital, Kigali, to facilitate week-long PICSA trainings to more than 200 participants, including 140 farmer promoters, 24 farmer field school facilitators, 30 secoio-economic development officers, 3 sector agronomists and 3 district agronomists.

Since the RCSA's launch in 2016, PICSA trainings have been facilitated twice annually, before the start of each planting season. Culminating in Kigali and with the indispensable support of Caritas Kibungo,Caritas Kibuye and Caritas Butare, Développement Rural du Nord (DERN), CIAT-Rwanda and CCAFS, PICSA trainings have now directly reached more than 100,000 farmers and agricultural extension workers in all 30 districts of Rwanda.

Farmers during the PICSA training in Mageragere Site. Photo: S. Samuel (CCAFS)

The PICSA approach combines resource mapping, seasonal calendars, climate information from traditional and scientific knowledge systems, participatory budgets, short-term and seasonal forecasts to evaluate the opportunities and risks for farmers’ crop, livestock and livelihood options. The application of these participatory methodologies aims to foster informed farmer decision-making and planning that enhances farmers climate resilience and adaptive capacity.

On the ground PICSA impressions

Each of the farmers and agricultural extension workers present during the PICSA trainings stood not only for themselves, but instead also represented village groups, each made up of 15-20 farmers, through the Twigire Muhinzi agricultural extension model.

I’ve learned how to determine if the rains will pour or fall gently, how to calculate gains and losses and how to predict before planting. I used to detect these trends by chance.”

Furaha Rwanyindo, Facilitator, Mageragere Site

Farmers training farmers during the PICSA sessions. Photo: S. Samuel (CCAFS)

PICSA came on time. Forecasts, historical data, prediction: they were things I knew but didn’t understand how to apply. Now I can share this with my neighbors so that others can see and learn.”

Mukamazimpaka Mwamimi, Farmer Promoter, Nyarugenge District

As a new set of agricultural extension workers have now been trained in participatory approaches to harness climate services, the RCSA project continues into its final year, guided by its central vision of ensuring Rwanda’s farmers and livelihoods are resilient, adaptive and productive in the face of climate change.

Read more:

• Project newsletter: Rwanda Climate Services for Agriculture: Transforming Rwanda's rural farming communities and national economy through improved climate risk management
• News update: News partnerships launched to bolster climate services in Rwanda
• News update: Youth, agriculture and innovation: Building the capacity of young entrepreneurs to manage climate risks
• Blog: Rwandan farmers share how climate information helps them improve food security
• Press release: Rwanda Climate Services for Agriculture project awarded the first ever Climate Smart Agriculture Project of the Year 2018

Twigire Muhinzi is a ‘home-grown solution’ extension model to ensure that all farmers in Rwanda have access to advisory services. The model is based on two farmer-to-farmer extension approaches: the Farmer Promoter approach and the Farmer Field School approach. These appraoches have been used to communicate climate services for agriculture through PICSA to more than 100,000 farmers in Rwanda. Farmer promoters are voluntary proximity extension agents that coordinate agriculture practice demonstration and input supply at the village level. Farmer field school facilitators are voluntary extension agents that support activities of groups of 15-25 farmers.

Main partners of the RCSA project include Meteo Rwanda, Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MINAGRI), RAB, CIAT, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI) based at Columbia University, University of Reading, Radio Huguka, DERN, N-Frnds and Caritas Kibungo, Caritas Kibuye and Caritas Butare.